'
One of the easiest types of wave to demonstrate is a wave on a rope. Move one end of a stretched rope up and down, and a `hump' will travel along the rope, away from your hand.
Transverse : side to sideoscillation
Longitudinal
: oscillation in direction of travel
v = wave speed
"Adding"
In-phase ... Out-of-phase
Result
:
bigger amplitude or zero
amplitude
Constructive interference or Destructive interference
When waves encounter:
a harder barrier , the energy is reflected (i.e., they "bounce")
a softer barrier
, the energy is absorbed
.
reflected waves can be in-phase or out-of-phase .
Stone inwater : Circular pattern
Plane Waves -----> WavesSpherical Wave front
Surface of sphere: 4r 2
pi
Wave carries energy ( intensity)
For spherical waves, intensity decreases 1/r 2
Wave front gets disturbed by small opening.
wave length of Sound: 0.3 - 0.5 m
wave length of Light: 10 -7 m
Diffraction occurs only when the wavelengthis about the same size as opening.
" Youcannot see around the corner."
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