Plasmodiophorid Resting Spores

The Discussion in Karling's 1981 paper on Woronina goes over the rationale for replacing the term cyst with resting spore . For consistency, the recommended term for the collection of resting spores is sporosorus instead of cystosorus.

Images of Resting Spores

• Pseudoligniera LMG
• Membranosorus LMG ∣ TEMG ∣ SEMG
• Plasmodiophora LMG ∣ TEMG
• Polymyxa LMG ∣ TEMG
• Sorodiscus LMG
• Sorosphaera LMG ∣ TEMG
• Spongospora LMG ∣ TEMG
• Tetramyxa LMG ∣ TEMG
• Woronina LMG

References for Resting Spores

• Braselton, J. P. & C. E. Miller. 1978. Cyst formation in Sorosphaera veronicae (Plasmodiophoromycetes). Micron 9: 37-38.
• Buczacki, S. T. 1977. Root infections from single resting spores of Plasmodiophora brassicae . Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 69: 328-329.
• _____ & S. E. Moxham. 1983. Structure of the resting spore wall of Plasmodiophora brassicae revealed by electron microscopy and chemical digestion. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 81: 221-231.
• Castlebury, J. A., J. V. Maddox, & D. A. Glawe. 1994. A technique for the extraction and purification of viable Plasmodiophora brassicae resting spores from host root tissue. Mycologia 86: 458-460.
• Ciafardini, G. & B. Marotta. 1989. Localization of fragile areas in walls of resting spores of Polymyxa betae . Can. J. Bot. 67: 3123-3126.
• Haji Tinggal, S. & J. Webster. 1981. Technique for single spore infection by Plasmodiophora brassicae . Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 76: 187-190.
• Ikegami, H., H. Mukubata, & T. Naiki. 1978. Scanning electron microscopy of Plasmodiophora brassicae in diseased root cells of turnip and Chinese cabbage. Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 44: 456-464.
• Jones, D. 1978. Scanning electron microscopy of cystosori of Spongospora subterranea . Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 70: 292-293.
• Karling, J. 1981. Woronina leptolegniae n. sp., a plasmodiophorid parasite of Leptolegnia . Nova Hedwigia 35: 17-24.
• Kole, A. P. & A. J. Gielink. 1962. Electron microscope observations on the resting-spore germination of Plasmodiophora brassicae . Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetens. A'dam, Series C, 65: 117-121.
• Lahert, H. & J. A. Kavanagh. 1985. The fine structure of the cystosorus of Spongospora subterranea , the cause of powdery scab of potato. Can. J. Bot. 63: 2278-2282.
• Macfarlane, I. 1970. Germination of resting spores of Plasmodiophora brassicae . Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 55: 97-112.
• Littlefield, L. J., P. Delfosse, J. H. Whallon, Z. M. Hassan, J. L. Sherwood, & D. V. R. Reddy. 1997. Anatomy of sporosori of Polymyxa graminis , the vector of Indian peanut clump virus, in roots of Sorghum bicolor . Can. J. Plant Pathol. 19: 281-288.
• Moxham, S. E. & S. T. Buczacki. 1983. Chemical composition of the resting spore wall of Plasmodiophora brassicae . Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 80: 297-304.
• Scott, E. S. 1985. Production and characterization of single-spore isolates of Plasmodiophora brassicae . Plant Pathology 34: 287-292.
• Williams, P. H. & S. S. McNabola. 1967. Fine structure of Plasmodiophora brassicae in sporogenesis. Can. J. Bot. 45: 1665-1669.
• Yukawa, Y. & S. Tanaka. 1979. Scanning electron microscope observations on resting sporangia of Plasmodiophora brassicae in clubroot tissues after alcohol cracking. Can. J. Bot. 57: 2528-2532.